CITGO Petroleum Corporation

Date: August 15, 1997

Citgo assigned these values based upon an evaluation conducted pursuant to NPCA guidelines. Use of an asterisk (*) indicates that the material may present chronic health effects.

1. GENERIC COMPOSITION/COMPONENTS

Components		CAS No.		%		Hazard Data
Gasoline		Mixture		100		Inhalation LCLo (Rat)		1501 ppm/78 W-C 300 g/M3/5 min.
						Inhalation LCLo (Mouse)		2056 ppm/6 H/78 W-I 300 g/M3/5 min.
					Oral LD50 (rat): Mutagenesis (mouse): Dermal Sensitization (guinea pig): Eye: Skin (rabbit): Teratogenesis (rat):		18.8 mL/kg Negative Nonsensitizing Mild irritant Mild irritant Negative
Benzene	71-43-2		0-4.9		Oral LD50 (mouse):		4,700 mg/kg
					Oral LD50 (rat):		3,306 mg/kg
					Inhalation LC50 (Acute-rat):		10,000 ppm/7 H
					Inhalation LC50 (Acute-mouse)		9,980 ppm
					Eye:		Irritant
					Dermal		Irritant
					May be absorbed through the skin.
					Leukemogen, animal and suspected human carcinogen.
Cumene	98-82-8		0-4		Inhalation LC50 (rat):		8,000 ppm/4 H
					Inhalation LC50 (mouse):		2,040 ppm/7 H
					Oral LD50 (rat):		1,400 mg/kg
					Oral LC50 (mouse):		12,750 mg/kg
					Dermal LD50 (rabbit):		12,300 mg/kg
Cyclohexane	110-82-7		0-3		Inhalation LCLo (mouse):		70 gm/M3/2 H
					Oral LD50 (rat):		29,820 mg/kg
					Oral LD50 (mouse):		813 mg/kg
					Eye:		Mild irritant
					Skin:		Mild irritant
Ethylbenzene	100-41-4		0-4		Inhalation TCLo (human):		100 ppm/8 H
					Oral LD50 (rat):		3,500 mg/kg
					Dermal LD50 (rabbit):		17,800 g/kg
Hexane, normal (n-hexane)	110-54-3		0-8		Inhalation TCL0 (human):		190 ppm/8 wk.
					Inhalation LCLo (mouse):		120g/M3
					Skin:		Irritant
					Oral LD50 (rat):		28,710 mg/kg
					Peripheral nervous system effects
Tetra ethyl lead	78-00-2		0-1		Dermal LDLo(dog)		547 mg/kg
					Dermal LDLo(guinea pig)		995 mg/kg
					Dermal LDLo (rabbit):		830 mg/kg
					Inhalation LC50 (rat):		850 M3/1 H
					Inhalation LCLo (mouse)		650 mg/m3/7 H
					Inhalation LCLo (human)		1749 g/M3/30 M
					Oral LD50 (rat):		12,300 mcg/kg
					Oral LDLo (rabbit):		30 mg/kg
					Oral TDLo (mouse):		00 mg/kg/5-15 days
					Oral TDLo (rat):		11 mg/kg/ 6-16 days
Toluene	108-88-3		5-30		Inhalation LC50 (mouse)		5,q320 ppm/8 H
					Oral LD50 (rat):		5,000 mg/kg
					Dermal LD50 (rabbit):		12,124 mg/kg
					Skin:		Irritant
					May be absorbed through the skin
Trimethylbenzenes, mixed isotomers	25551-13-7		0-5		Inhalation LC50 (rat) Oral LD50 (rat):		18-24 gms/M3/4 H 8,970 mg/kg
					Eye: Skin:		Irritant Irritant
Xylenes, mixed isotomers	1330-20-7		0-18		Inhalation LC50 (rat): Inhalation TCLo (human)		5,000 ppm/4 H 100-460 ppm (eye and respiratory tract effects)
					Oral LDLo (human)		50 mg/kg
					Oral LD50 (rat):		4,300 mg/kg
					Dermal LD50 (rabbit):		14,100 mg/kg
					Skin:		Irritant

 

PHYSICAL DATA
PHYSICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION (Per 29 CFR 1910.1200)

Combustible	No	Flammable	Yes	Pyrophoric	No
Compressed Gas	No	Organic Peroxide	No	Reactive	No
Explosive	No	Oxidizer	No	Stable	Yes

Boiling Point, 760 mm Hg, ºC (ºF):  26-32 (80-90)
Melting Point, 760 mm Hg, ºC (ºF):  NA
Specific Gravity (60/60 ºF) ( H2O=1):  0.75
Vapor Density (Air = 1):  3-4
%Volatiles by Volume:  99.9
Reid Vapor Pressure, psi:  6.5-15.0 (Regional and seasonal dependent)
Solubility in Water:  Negligible
Evaporation Rate (n-butyl acetate = 1): > 1
PH of Undiluted Product:  ND
Appearance and Odor:  Red tinted liquid, gasoline odor

FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA

Flash Point, CC, ºC (Fº):  -43, (-45)
Autoignition Temperature, ºC (ºF):  >280 (>536)
Flammable Limits (%by volume in air):  Lower 1.4  Upper:  7.6
NFPA Rating2:  Health:  1, Flammability:  3, Reactivity:  0
Extinguishing Media:  Use dry chemical, foam or carbon monoxide.  Water may be ineffective as an extinguishing medium, but may be used to cool containers exposed to fire.

Special Fire Fighting Procedures:  Do not enter any enclosed or confined fire space without proper protective equipment.  Wear full fire fighting turn out gear and self contained breathing apparatus operated in the positive pressure mode.

Unusual Fire or Explosion Hazard:  Material is highly volatile and emits vapors which may travel along the ground and be ignited by remote ignition sources.  Use water spray to disperse vapors.

REACTIVITY DATA

Stability:  Stable
Conditions Contributing  to Instability:  Heat, flame
Incompatibility:  Oxidizing agents
Hazardous Decomposition and/or Combustion Products:  CO2, smoke and fumes (Hydrocarbons and CO with incomplete combustion).
Hazardous Polymerization:  Hazardous polymerization is not expected to occur.

SPILL, LEAK AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES

Procedure if Material is Spilled:
Remove sources of heat or ignition; provide ventilation; contain leak.
Small spills:  Absorb released material with non-combustible absorbent.  Place into containers for later disposal.  (See Waste Disposal section below.)
Large spills:  Evacuate area in the event of significant spills.  Adequately ventilate area and determine potential exposure conditions.  Exposure potential may require the use of respiratory protection.  Use protective clothing.  Contain spill in temporary dikes to avoid product migration and to assist in recovery.  Do not allow material to escape into ground sewers, ground water, drainage ditches or surface waters.
Control ignition sources around spill area.  Use of a fire fighting foam blanket on spilled material will reduce vapor release and fire potential.
OSHA HAZWOPER regulations may require establishing a regulated area with site control.
Report spills as required to appropriate federal, state and local authorities.

Waste Disposal:
It is the responsibility of the user to determine if the material is a hazardous waste at the time of disposal.
Recovered non-usable material may be regulated by US EPA as a hazardous waste due to its ignitibility characteristics (D001), its benzene content (D018) and/or its lead content (D008).
Transportation, treatment, storage and disposal of waste material must be conducted in accordance with RCRA regulations (see 40 CFR 260 through 40 CFR 271).
State and/or local regulations may be more restrictive.
Contact the RCRA/Superfund Hotline at (800) 424-9346 or your regional US EPA office for guidance concerning case specific disposal issues.

Protective Measures During Repair and Maintenance of Contaminated Equipment:
Refer to Section 7.0- Special Protection Information.
Keep unnecessary person from hazard area.
Eliminate heat and ignition sources.
Provide ventilation to maintain exposures below applicable workplace exposure limits.
Drain and purge equipment, as necessary, to remove material residues.
Use gloves constructed of chemical resistant materials such as heavy nitrile rubber and protective clothing if direct contact is anticipated.
Remove contaminated clothing.
Wash exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water.

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

Health Hazard Classification (Per 29 CFR 1910.1200)

Highly Toxic	No	Sensitizer	No
Toxic	No	Reproductive Effects	No
Corrosive	No	Mutagen	No
Irritant	No	Target Organ (Hematopoietic system, respiratory system, central nervous system and peripheral nervous system)	Yes

Carcinogen:

Product/component	CAS No.	Conc.(%)	NTP	IARC	OSHA	Other
Gasoline (Wholly vaporized gasoline)	Mixture	100	No	Group 2B	No	No
Gasoline (Engine exhaust)	NA	NA	No	Group 2B	No	No Data
Benzene	71-43-2	0-4.9	Group 1	Group 1	Yes	A1 (ACGIH) A (US EPA)

Toxicity Summary
Upon ingestion, this material may be aspirated into the lungs and cause severe lung damage.  Aspiration may result in transient central nervous system depression or excitement.  Other effects may include hypoxia (oxygen depravation), infection, pneumatocele (lung cavity) formation, chronic lung dysfunction or death.

Subchronic inhalation of a component of this material, benzene, by rats produced decreased white blood cell counts, decreased bone marrow cell activity, increased red blood cell activity and cataracts.  Chronic inhalation or oral administration of benzene in rats produced cancers of the liver, mouth, and glands.

In humans, acute inhalation of benzene has been associated with nerve inflammation (polyneuritits), central nervous system depression and cardiac sensitization.  The anesthetic action of benzene is similar to that of other anesthetic gases, consisting of a preliminary stage of excitation followed by depression and, if exposure is continued, death through respiratory failure.

A component of this material, n-hexane, may cause damage to the peripheral and central nervous systems.  This component can be absorbed through the skin and be inhalation routes.

A component of this material, tetraethyl lead can be readily absorbed through the skin, from the gastrointestinal tract or by inhalation.  Metabolites of tetraethyl lead can cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulates in the brain with repeated exposures.

Major Route(s) of Entry:  Inhalation of vapors and skin contact with liquid.

Acute Exposure Symptoms:

Inhalation:
Inhalation of vapors may cause respiratory irritation, euphoria, giddiness, headache, nausea, staggering gait, weakness, central nervous system depression, dizziness, drowsiness, pulmonary edema, convulsions, coma and paralysis.  Human exposure to very high concentrations, approximately 20,000 ppm, may be fatal in five to ten minutes.

Dermal:
This material can cause skin irritation, inflammation (erythema) or blistering (vesiculation).  Acute exposures of the component n-hexane may cause peripheral nervous system damage and central nervous system depression.  Certain components of this material, including, tetraethyl lead, n-hexane, benzene, and toluene may be absorbed through the skin.  One component of this material, tetraethyl lead, can be fatal when absorbed through the skin in significant amounts, however absorption is decreased when mixed with gasoline.

Eye:
This material can cause mild eye irritation with transient corneal injury.  Small areas of superficial corneal necrosis may also be noted.  Liquid material entering the eye can cause clouding of the cornea.

Ingestion:
Symptoms may include a burning sensation of the mouth and esophagus, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, staggering gait, somnolence, loss of consciousness and delirium.  Central nervous system effects include visual disturbances and convulsions, excitement and euphoria with sudden onset of weariness, fatigue and sleepiness followed by coma.

Due to the viscosity of this material, there is a danger of aspiration into the lungs during vomiting, resulting in chemical pneumonitits and pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs).  Cardiovascular effects include shallow rapid pulse and pallor followed by flushing.  Progressive central nervous system depression, respiratory insufficiency and ventricular fibrillation may result in death.

Injection:
Injection of this  material under the skin, in muscle or into the blood stream may cause irritation, inflammation, swelling or permanent tissue damage.

Chronic Exposure Symptoms
Inhalation:
Chronic exposure to the component benzene may result in adverse effects of the blood including anemia, decreased white blood cell count, decreased platelets, aplastic anemia and leukemia.  In addition, chronic inhalation of vapors of the component benzene may cause fatigue, nervousness, irritability, blurred vision, and labored breathing.  Chronic inhalation of the n-hexane vapors, a component of this material, may result in severe degeneration of the peripheral nervous system.  Intentional misuse by deliberate inhalation of high concentrations of the component toluene has been shown to cause liver, kidney and central nervous system damage, including hearing loss and visual disturbances.

Chronic inhalation studies of the component toluene have been associated with kidney and liver damage, hearing loss and brain damage in laboratory animals.

Epidemiological studies have reported anxiety and asthmatic bronchitis among workers chronically exposed to isomers of trimethylbenzene.

Chronic overexposure to leaded gasoline can cause lead poisoning.  Metabolites of tetraethyl lead, a component of this product, can cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulates in the brain with repeated exposures.  Lead poisoning can cause diminished mental capacity.

Dermal:
Prolonged and repeated contact with the skin may cause redness, blistering, dryness, lesions and/or scaly dermatitis.  

Eye:	Symptoms of chronic exposure resemble those of acute exposure.

Ingestion:
Chronic effects of ingestion and subsequent aspiration of this product into the lungs may include pneumatocele (lung cavity) formation and chronic lung dysfunction.

Other Special Effects
The component n-hexane may cause damage to the peripheral nerves from acute and chronic exposure.  This effect may be characterized by numbness in the arms and legs.  Exposure to the component toluene during pregnancy has demonstrated limited evidence of fetal toxicity in laboratory animals.  These effects include decreased fetal body weight and increased skeletal variations.  Developmental effects from massive exposure to toluene in humans have been purported in cases of substances abuse.

Medical Conditions Aggravated by Exposure:
Individuals with chronic skin or respiratory disorders may have their conditions aggravated by exposure to this material.  Exposure to high concentrations of this material may cause irregular heartbeats.  Persons with pre-existing heart disorders may be more susceptible to this effect.

First Aid and Emergency Procedures for Acute Effects:
Inhalation:
If overcome by vapors or mists, move victim to fresh air.  If the victim is not breathing, immediately begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).  If breathing is difficult, 100 percent supplemental oxygen should be administered by a qualified individual.  Seek medical attention immediately.

Dermal:
Remove contaminated clothing, immediately.  Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.  Seek medical attention if skin irritation persists or if tissue appears damaged.  Launder clothing before reuse.

Eyes:
Immediately flush the eye with large volumes of water while occasionally lifting both the lower and upper eyelids.  Seek medical attention if irritation, excessive tearing or pain persists.

Ingestion:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  If spontaneous vomiting is about to occur, place victim’s head below knees.  Never give anything by mouth to a person who is not fully conscious.  Seek medical attention immediately.

Injection;
Injection under the skin, in muscle or into the blood stream is a medical emergency.  Seek medical attention immediately.

Notes to Physician:
This material presents a high aspiration hazard.  Induction of emesis is not recommended because of the potential for aspiration.  Aspiration may produce chemical pneumonitis.  Treatment may involve careful gastric lavage if performed soon after ingestion or in patients who are comatose or at risk of convulsing.  Protect airway by placement in Trendelenburg and left lateral decubitus position or by cuffed endotracheal intubation.

Exposure to high concentrations of this material may be associated with cardiac arrhythmia.  Epinephrine and other sympathomimetic drugs may initiate cardiac arrhythmias in persons exposed to this material.  The use of other drugs with less arrhythmogenic potential should be considered.  If sympathomimetic drugs are administered, observe for the development of cardiac arrhythmia.

Obtain chest x-ray and liver function tests.  Monitor arterial blood gases with severe exposure.  Monitor cardiac function.  

Toxic effects are produced by vapor inhalation.  Monitor for respiratory distress.  If cough or difficulty in breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis or pneumonitis.  Administer 100 percent humidified supplemental oxygen with assisted ventilation as required.

SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION

Ventilation Requirements:
Use in well ventilated area.  In confined space, explosion proof mechanical ventilation may be required to keep contaminated levels of below applicable workplace exposure levels as evaluated by designated and properly trained personnel.

Applicable Workplace Exposure Levels:

Chemical Component	ACGIH TLV TWA ppm (mg/M3)		ACGIH TLV STEL/Celling (C) ppm (mg/M3)	ACGIH TLVs Skin notaton?	OSHA PEL TWA ppm (mg/M3)	OSHA PEL STEL/ Ceiling (C) Ppm	OSHA PEL Skin notation?
Gasoline	300 (890)		400 (1480)	No	NE	NE	No
Benzene	0.5 (1.6)		2.5 (8)	Yes	1 (3)	5 (15)	No
Cumene	50 (246)		NE	Yes	50 (245)	NE	Yes
Cyclohexane	300 (1030)		NE	No	300 (1050)	NE	No
Ethylbenzene	100 (434)		125 (543)	No	100 (435)	NE	No
Hexane, normal (n-hexane)	50 (176)		NE	No	500 (1800)	NE	No
Tetraethyl lead	(0.1)		NE	Yes	(0.075)	NE	Yes
Toluene	50 (188)		NE	Yes	200 (750)	300 (500) (C) 10 min. Peak/8 H	No
Trimethyl Benzenes, mixed isotomers		25 (123)	NE	No	NE	NE	No
Xylenes, mixed isotomers	100 (434)		150 (651)	No	100 (435)	NE	No

Specific Personal Protective Equipment:
Personal protective equipment should be selected based upon the conditions under which this material is used.  A hazard assessment of the work area for PPE requirements should be conducted by a qualified professional pursuant to OSHA regulations.

Respirator:
Only NIOSH or MSHA approved equipment should be used.  Respiratory protection is required if airborne concentrations of any components are above the applicable workplace exposure levels listed above.  When considering benzene concentrations, selection and use of respiratory equipment must be in accordance with OSHA Benzene Standard (29CFR 1910.1028).

Eyes:
Use safety glasses equipped with side shields or chemical splash goggles to prevent contact with the eyes.

Dermal:
Full body impervious clothing should be worn when direct contact with this material is anticipated.  Use gloves constructed of impervious materials such as heavy nitrile rubber when direct contact is anticipated.

Clothing or Equipment:
Wear body-covering work clothes to avoid prolonged or repeated exposure.  Launder contaminated work clothes before reuse.

TRANSPORTATION AND SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

Storage:
Do not use or store this product near heat, flame or other potential ignition sources.  Do not store with oxidizers.  Do not store this product in unlabeled containers.  Keep container closed.

Danger:
Flammable liquid.  Vapors are heavier than air and may travel some distance to an ignition source and flash back.  Use only in a well ventilated area.  Never siphon by mouth.  Empty containers may contain product residues which can ignite with explosive force.  Consult appropriate federal, state and local authorities before reusing, reconditioning, reclaiming, recycling or disposing of empty containers and/or waste residues of this product.

DOT information:
Proper Shipping Name:  Gasoline
Hazard Class:  3
Hazard Identification Number:  Un 1203
Packaging Group:  II
Placard:  Flammable Liquid

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

Title III of  the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA)

Section 313 – Toxic Chemicals:
This product is known to contain the following components in concentrations above de minimis levels that are listed as toxic chemicals in 40 CFR Part 372 pursuant to the requirements of Section 313 of SARA:

Components	CAS No.	Concentration (%)
1,2,4 Trimethylbenzene	95-63-6	0-5
Benzene	71-43-2	0-4.9
Cumene	92-82-8	0-4
Cyclohexane	110-82-7	0-3
Ethylbenzene	100-41-4	0-4
Hexane	110-54-3	0-8
Toluene	108-88-3	5-30
Xylenes	1330-20-7	0-18

Section 311/312 – Hazard Categories:
This product may meet one or more of the criteria for the hazard categories defined in 40 CFR Part 370 as established by Sections 311 and 312 of SARA as indicated below:

Immediate (Acute) Health Hazard:  Yes
Delayed (Chronic) Health Hazard:  Yes
Fire Hazard:  Yes
Sudden Release of Pressure Hazard:  No
Reactive Hazard:  No

Section 302 – Extremely Hazardous Substances:
This product is not known to contain any components in concentrations greater than one percent that are listed as Extremely Hazardous Substances in 40 CFR Part 355 pursuant to the requirements of Section 302(a) of SARA.

Clean Water Act (CWA):
Under the CWA, discharges of crude oil and petroleum products to surface water without proper federal and state permits must be reported immediately to the National Response Center at (800) 424-8802.

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation & Liability Act (CERCLA) Section 102 Hazardous Substances:
The following chemical components are identified as Hazardous Substances in 40 CFR Part 302 as required by Section 102(a) of CERCLA.  As defined in CERCLA, the term "hazardous substance" does not include petroleum, including crude oil or any fraction thereof which is not otherwise specifically listed or designated as a hazardous substance.

Component	CAS No.	Concentration	RQ (lb.)
Benzene	71-43-2	0-4.9	10
Xylenes (mixed)	1330-20-7	0-18	100
Tetraethyl Lead	78-00-2	0-1	100
Cyclohexane	110-87-7	0-3	1000
Ethylbenzene	100-41-4	0-4	1000
Toluene	108-88-3	5-30	1000
Cumene	92-82-8	0-4	5000
n-Hexane	110-54-3	0-8	5000

New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know:
This material is listed as a hazardous substance by the State of New Jersey.  Annual reporting of inventories of hazardous substances is required by the New Jersey Department of Health.

California Proposition 65 (The Safe Drinking Water and Toxics Enforcement Act):
Warning:  This material contains the following chemicals which are known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm, and are subject to the requirements of California Proposition 65 (CA Health & Safety Code Section 25249.5):

Component:	Effect:
Benzene	Cancer
Toluene	Development Toxicant
Lead	Reproductive and Developmental Toxicant

Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA):

Reported in TSCA Inventory as:	Product	Components
Gasoline		X

LABELING 

DANGER:
CONTAINS BENZENE
CANCER HAZARD
Highly Flammable liquid.
Harmful or fatal if swallowed – can enter lungs and cause damage.

HANDLING:
Keep away from heat, sparks and flames.
Keep container closed.
Do not inhale vapors or mists.
Use only with adequate ventilation.
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment and prevent skin and eye contact.

FIRST AID:
If swallowed, do not induce vomiting.
Call a physician immediately.
In case of contact, remove contaminated clothing immediately and wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.

ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND DATA PROVIDED IN THIS MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE AND RELIABLE, BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT GUARANTEE, REPRESENTATION, WARRANTY, OR RESPONSIBILITY AND/OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED.  ANY AND ALL REPRESENTATIONS AND/OR WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMED.  USERS SHOULD MAKE THEIR OWN INVESTIGATIONS TO DETERMINE THE SUITABILITY OF THE INFORMATION OR PRODUCTS FOR THEIR PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  NOTHING CONTAINED HERE IN IS INTENDED AS PERMISSION, INDUCEMENT, OR RECOMMENDATION TO VIOLATE ANY LAWS OR TO PRACTICE ANY INVENTION COVERED BY EXISTING PATENTS, COPYRIGHTS OR INVENTIONS.